Sustainability analysis of Rice Milling Unit (RMU) enterprises in Bengkel Village, Kediri District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province
Keywords:
Business sustainability, Rice Milling Unit (RMU), food security, Multiaspect Sustainability Analysis (MSA)Abstract
Food security is a national strategic issue influenced not only by agricultural production but also by the effectiveness and sustainability of post-harvest systems, including Rice Milling Unit (RMU) enterprises. Bali Province currently faces a rice deficit due to production levels that are lower than domestic consumption needs. Although Tabanan Regency has a relatively high number of RMUs, many operate with limited technology, low efficiency, and weak institutional support, creating environmental and socio-cultural challenges. Bengkel Village, an agricultural production center, hosts seven RMUs that play a crucial role in supporting local food security; however, their sustainability status has not been comprehensively assessed. This study aims to evaluate the sustainability status of RMU enterprises in Bengkel Village, identify sensitive attributes affecting sustainability, and formulate improvement scenarios. A Multiaspect Sustainability Analysis (MSA) was applied across five dimensions: ecological, economic, socio-cultural, institutional, and technological. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and questionnaires administered to key informants. The results indicate an overall sustainability index of 58.29, classified as sustainable. The socio-cultural dimension recorded the highest score (72.14), followed by ecological (67.86), technological (64.29), and economic (57.14) dimensions, all categorized as sustainable. In contrast, the institutional dimension showed the lowest score (30), indicating low sustainability. Key sensitive attributes include operational noise levels, maintenance costs, farmer participation, government assistance programs, and rice quality certification. Scenario-based improvements increased the sustainability index to 73. Strengthening institutional capacity remains essential to enhance the sustainable contribution of RMUs to local food security.
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